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North Africa · our home base

Egypt

Al-Azhar, the Nile, a call to prayer on every street, and a growing community of Western Muslim families in Cairo’s new cities. This is the country we know best.

Madinaty, New Cairo, at sunset: the mosque, the square and families out in the evening

In this guide

Why families choose Egypt

Egypt is home to Al-Azhar, one of the oldest centres of Islamic learning, and to a daily rhythm built around the salah. For Western families it offers Arabic immersion, a lower cost of living than the Gulf, and an established community of Muslims who moved here from America, Britain and Canada.

It is not without challenges: traffic, paperwork and the summer heat are real. Our stories section includes families who talk about both sides.

Residency routes

Most of the families we support settle through one of four routes. Requirements change often, so we verify each route before we advise on it.

  • Study — Arabic and Islamic study at recognised institutes. [Requirements to verify]
  • Property — residency linked to owning a home. [Threshold to verify]
  • Business and investment — founding or investing in an Egyptian company. [Requirements to verify]
  • Employment — a work permit sponsored by a local employer. [Requirements to verify]

What a month costs

Monthly costs for a family in Cairo, from the Hijrah Plan budget. Prices checked 29 March 2026. Exchange rate of 7 November 2026.

ItemMonthly, EGPMonthly, USD
Rent (3-bedroom family home)EGP 27,783$515
UtilitiesEGP 1,373$25
InternetEGP 584$11
Groceries (family)EGP 7,296$135
TransportEGP 380$7
Domestic helpNot availableNot available
School (per month)EGP 74$1
Health insurance (per month)Not availableNot available
Total with figuresEGP 37,490$696

Estimates from our own research, in US dollars as researched and converted at the rate shown. Prices move; use as a starting point, not a quote.

Food cost calculator

Where Western Muslims settle

MadinatyA planned city east of Cairo with parks, schools and masjids within walking distance. Our team is based here.
New CairoLarger and busier, with the widest choice of international schools and shopping.
West of CairoSheikh Zayed and 6th of October, closer to the Pyramids and the western ring road.

Schooling

Families choose between three kinds of school: Azhari schools with a full Islamic curriculum, international schools teaching British or American programmes, and private Islamic schools that combine the two. The families guide includes a school-search checklist and the questions to ask on a visit.

Egypt in numbers

The facts at a glance

Muslim population90%of the population
Population109 millionpeople (current)
CapitalCairoUTC+2 · daylight saving in summer
Currency45.30 = $1Egyptian pounds (EGP) (2024)

Country basics

Egypt is a republic joining northeast Africa to the Sinai Peninsula, astride the Suez Canal.

Egypt is a republic with Cairo as its capital and Arabic as its official language, and most of its population lives along the Nile. The pound is the currency, and canal tolls, tourism, natural gas and remittances supply foreign earnings.

Official name
Arab Republic of Egypt
Region
Africa · Northern Africa
Government
Unitary semi-presidential republic under an authoritarian government
Time zonesCheck the offset for your own city
UTC+02:00
Driving side
Right
Phone code
+20
Currency
Egyptian pound (EGP, ج.م)
Member of
Arab League; UN; African Union; BRICS
Website
https://www.egypt.gov.eg

Faith and language

Religions
Muslim (predominantly Sunni) 90%, Christian (majority Coptic Orthodox, other Christians include Armenian Apostolic, Catholic, Maronite, Orthodox, and Anglican) 10%
Languages
Arabic

People and cities

Population
109 million (current)
Median ageHalf the population is younger than this
24.6 years (2025)
Living in cities
43.1% (2023)
Largest cities
Cairo (capital) 22.183 million · Alexandria 5.588 million · Bur Sa'id 778,000

Money and cost of living

Exchange rateYearly average; check today’s rate before you budget
45.30 Egyptian pounds (EGP) per US dollar (2024)
Income per personGDP per person, adjusted for local prices (2021 dollars)
$16,800 (2024)
InflationHow much prices rose over the year
28.3% (2024)
Unemployment
7.2% (2024)
Spent on foodShare of an average household’s spending
36.9% (2023)

Health and daily life

Life expectancy
75 years (2024)
Doctors
0.67 per 1,000 people (2020)
Hospital beds
1.1 per 1,000 people (2020)
Safe drinking water
98.8% of people (2022)
Electricity
100% of people (2022)
Internet users
73% of people (2023)
Literacy
79.5% of adults (2022)

Land and climate

Climate
Desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters
SizeMore than eight times the size of Ohio; slightly more than three times the size of New Mexico
1,002,450 sq km
Natural hazards
Periodic droughts; frequent earthquakes; flash floods; landslides; hot, driving windstorms called khamsin occur in spring; dust storms; sandstorms
National holiday
Revolution Day, 23 July (1952)