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Southeast Asia

Indonesia

Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.

Muslim population87.4%of the population

Population288 millionpeople (current)

CapitalJakartaUTC+7

Currency15,855 = $1Indonesian rupiah (IDR) (2024)

Country basics

Indonesia is a Southeast Asian archipelago republic of more than 17,000 islands on the equator.

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic state and among the most populous countries, with Jakarta as its capital and Indonesian as its official language. The rupiah is the currency, and coal, palm oil, nickel and gas lead its exports.

Official name

Republic of Indonesia

Region

Asia · South-Eastern Asia

Government

Unitary presidential republic

Time zonesCheck the offset for your own city

UTC+07:00; UTC+08:00; UTC+09:00

Driving side

Left

Phone code

+62

Currency

Indonesian rupiah (IDR, Rp)

Member of

UN; ASEAN; G20

Website

https://www.indonesia.go.id

Faith and language

Religions

Muslim 87.4%, Protestant 7.5%, Roman Catholic 3.1%, Hindu 1.7%, other 0.8% (includes Buddhist and Confucian)

Languages

Indonesian

People and cities

Population

288 million (current)

Median ageHalf the population is younger than this

31.8 years (2025)

Living in cities

58.6% (2023)

Largest cities

Jakarta (capital) 11.249 million · Bekasi 3.729 million · Surabaya 3.044 million · Depok 3.041 million · Bandung 2.674 million

Money and cost of living

Exchange rateYearly average; check today’s rate before you budget

15,855 Indonesian rupiah (IDR) per US dollar (2024)

Income per personGDP per person, adjusted for local prices (2021 dollars)

$14,500 (2024)

InflationHow much prices rose over the year

3.7% (2023)

Unemployment

3.3% (2024)

Spent on foodShare of an average household’s spending

33.5% (2023)

Health and daily life

Life expectancy

73.6 years (2024)

Doctors

0.52 per 1,000 people (2023)

Hospital beds

1.4 per 1,000 people (2021)

Safe drinking water

94.1% of people (2022)

Electricity

100% of people (2022)

Internet users

69% of people (2023)

Literacy

96% of adults (2020)

Land and climate

Climate

Tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands

SizeSlightly less than three times the size of Texas

1,904,569 sq km

Natural hazards

Occasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; forest fires volcanism: Indonesia contains the most volcanoes of any country in the world, with over 75 historically active; significant volcanic activity occurs on Java, Sumatra, the Sunda Islands, Halmahera Island, Sulawesi Island, Sangihe Island, and in the Banda Sea; Merapi (2,968 m), Indonesia's most active volcano, has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; in 2018, a large explosion and flank collapse destroyed most of the island of Anak Krakatau (Child of Krakatau) and generated a deadly tsunami that left more than 400 dead; other notable historically active volcanoes include Agung, Awu, Karangetang, Krakatau (Krakatoa), Makian, Raung, Sinabung, and Tambora; see note 2 under "Geography - note"

National holiday

Independence Day, 17 August (1945)